Comb for warping and beaming machines



(No Model.)

I 'T'. 0. ENT-WISTLE. I COMB FUR WARPING AND BEAMING MACHINES No.333,399. Patented Dec. 29,1'88S5.

UNITED STATES PATENT GEFICE.

THOMAS C. ENTWISTLE, OF MELROSE, MASSACHUSETTS.

COMB FOR WARPING AND BEAMING MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 333.399, dated December29, 1885.

Application filed September 15, 1884. Serial No. 143,046.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS C. ENTWISlL-E, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Melrose, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealthof Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCombs for Warping and Beaming Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to expansion-combs for warping, beaming, and othermachines; and it consists in the devices and combinations hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an isometric view of myimproved comb; Fig. 2, a longitudinal central section of the same; Fig.3, a cross-section of the same through the box or tube between theheads; Fig. 4, an isometric view of the strap, showing the loop by whichit is attached to the spring, and the means by which the other end isattached to the drum; Fig. 5, aside elevation of the drum and a centralvertical section of the handwheel; Fig. 6, an end view of the drum andhand-wheel.

The comb-box generally used is made of two strips of wood or iron boltedor screwed together at the bottom. and hollowed on their inner faces toreceive the springs, nuts, dents, and adjusting-screw, named below, suchbox being open at the top to allow the dents to project out. It has alsobeen customary to use two pairs of spiral wire springs, one pair beingplaced above the other in the combbox. The dents are placed verticallybetween the coils of each pair of springs, and are prevented from beingdrawn out from the springs and box by a guide and stop rod which runsthrough holes punched in all the dents, near the lower end of the same,and are kept in line with the axes of the springs by guiderods, two ofwhich are placed in each spring on opposite sides of the dents. The endsof the stop-rod and guide-rods are prevented from getting out of placeby being looped around a pin at each end of the combrbox, inside of thesame. The spaces between the dents are ordinarily varied by aright-and-lefthand screw which turns in nuts, one of which is connectedby a pin with each end of the spring, so that turning the screw in onedirec- (No model.)

tion expands the springs and spreads apart the dents, and turning it inthe other direction brings the nuts nearer together and al-- to end onthe upper side, through which the upper ends of the dents project, andwithin the tube I place one pair of springs, G O, the dents W beingarranged vertically between the coils of the spring in the usual manner.The guide-rods R and the guide and stop rod R serve the usual purpose,and their ends are looped around rings B, one at each end of the box Awithin the same.

I expand the comb by winding up on drums I I straps H H, preferablymetallic, the inner ends of the straps being provided with loops h,which surround the end dents, and the outer ends of said straps beingattached to said drums by being inserted in round holes 6, the ends ofthe strap being rolled up to fit said holes. (See Figs. 4 and 5.) Theend dents are then cut off at the top of the box A, because they wouldbe liable to be bent bythe strain of the strap on them in expanding thesprings, and thereby rendered useless for spacing the threads. The drumsare revolved by means of the handwheels J J, and are supported inbrackets K K, cast or formed in one piece with the heads L L, which formthe ends of the box. The heads are hollow cylinders, which surround theends of the tube A and fit the same, and are held in place by set-screwsZ,

which turn in threaded holes formed radially in said heads and thrustagainst said tube A. The brackets aredrilled through transversely toreceive the drums, and are slotted longitudinally at k to admit thestraps H H, which pass through holes in the centers of the ends of theheads, the said ends with this exception being closed. The brackets areprovided with transverse slits k",which lie in the same plane as theaxes of the drums. In each bracket there is a clamp-screw, S, at rightangles to the slit U, which screw passes freely through one part of thebracket into a threaded hole in the other part of the bracket, so thatturning up the clamp-screw causes the parts of the bracket to pinch thedrum sutficiently to prevent its being turned by the contraction of thesprings, I r 1 The springs above named (those heretofore used and mine)are closelywoundin pairs out of two wires upon a single arbor at oneoperation, and are then usually laid aside until required to be used inmaking combs.

In making up the combs two pairs of springs made from dift'erentwire, orwound with a different pitch or tension, are likely to be put into thesame comb, and the result is that one pair will expand more readily thanthe other and the dents will not be parallel with each other. Again, ifthere be in either-pair a place which expands unequally wit-h the otherparts ofthe same pair, not only will the dents be unequally spaced, butthe dents will not be vertical, unless the other pair ofsprings have anequal defect immediately above or below 1f; the defect in thefirst-named pair.-- Hence the use of two pairs of springs will generallyresult in exaggerating the defects of each pair.

Thereis therefore a great mechanical advantagein using only a singlepair of springs.

Using a single pair of springs also allows of a tube being used for abox, and this tube may beanordinary wrought-iron pipe, such as is usedfor conveying gas or steam. Such tubes or'boxes are less expensive andmore easily a handled, and have less space to be filled with dirt.Besides this, I save the cost of'a pair of springs and of fourguide-rods,and have fewer parts liable to be broken. I also dispensewith the screw and nuts. i a I 'The middle dent is usually held rigidly,so that the comb is expanded from the middle dent by therightand-left-handscrew above named, so that an unequal expansion of thesprings on opposite sides of the middle dent,

y owing to defects and inequalitiesin the springs,

will bring the threads on one side of the mid dle dent nearer togetherthan on the other side of the same, the result being a greater numberand length of threads at one end of the warper- \Vhen the yarn from abeam so wound is run subsequently through slashers or dressers, theyarns will be unwound sooner from the small parts of thefilled beam, theyarns being shorter at 5 the small parts of the beam, and the yarn fromthe larger part of the beam (a greater length thereof being unwound ateach revolution from the large parts of the beam) becomes slack andtangled, and therefore broken, requiring the machine to be stopped topiece up.

To avoid the disastrous results above named, a warping-machine of theordinary construction, having an expanding comb, is provided withan adjUSt-illg-SGIBW, which turns without advancing in the frame of thewarper, and also turns in a nut secured to the comb-box, so that theentire box may be moved endwise across the machine to equalize, asnearly as possible, the distribution of the yarns along the warperbeambut this moving over of the box does not prevent entirely theinequalities of the beams, because the expansion of the comb is entirelyfrom the fixed middle dent, and the only benefit therefrom is gainedjust at the ends of the beams. Where a right-and-lefthand screw is usedto expand the comb simultaneously at each end of the comb, it is evidentthat the springs are expanded from the middle toward the ends.

I do not fasten the middle dent, but allow it to move as freely as theothers, and when I turn one of the hand-wheels I expand the comb fromthe end of the same farthest from the hand-wheel so turned, and each endmay be-independently expanded, so that in adjusting the wid'th'ot'mycomb I set one side, by means of one hand-wheel, at the proper place,

and then set the other side, by means of the beam, which has the'etl'ect to draw the dents nearer together throughout the length of thecomb.

-It is evident that the drummay be prevented from unwindingin variousways, as by a ratchet and pawl, or by a worm and gear.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of a box or tube, slotted,

as described, the springs placed within said,

box, the dents placed vertically between the coils of said springs, thestraps connected, substantially as described, to said springs, the

heads secured to said box or tube and provided with brackets, the drumsturning in said brack-.

ets, said brackets being slit in the planes of the axes of said drums,and means, substantially as described, of closing the sides of said slitupon said drums, as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of a box or tube, slotted, V

as described, the springs placed within said box, the dents placedvertically betweenthe coils of said springs, the straps connected-substantially' as described, to said springs, the heads secured to said boxor tube and provided with brackets, the drums turningin said brackets,said brackets being slit in the planes of the axes of said drums, and aclamp-screw turning freely in the part of the bracket onv one side ofthe slit and screwing into the part of the bracket on the other side ofsaid slit, as and for the purpose specified. 1 i

THOMAS c. ENTWISTLE. Vitnesses:

ALBERT M. MOORE, HERBERT R. THITE.

